LINKAM (-196°C to 350°C)- HFSX350 Heating and Freezing System

For general heating and freezing applications in the x-ray spectrometer the HFS based systems have low space requirement , high temperature stability and are ideal for horizontal or vertical mounting.

LINKAM HFSX350 Heating and Freezing System
Two variants are available, the HFSX350-CAP supplied with a 1.7mm capillary tube passing through the heating block for liquid samples, and the HFSX350-GI with flush-mounted heating block for grazing incidence and surface mounted capillary.

Bristol Instruments 671 Series Laser Wavelength Meter

Reliable Accuracy gives you greater confidence in your experimental results anywhere from the visible to the mid-IR

Bristol Instruments’ wavelength meters are for scientists and engineers who need to know the exact wavelength of their lasers. These systems use proven interferometer-based technology to measure absolute wavelength to an accuracy as high as ± 0.0001 nm. To achieve the reliable accuracy that is expected from Bristol Instruments, all of its wavelength meters include a built-in wavelength standard for continuous calibration. Systems are available for CW and pulsed lasers that operate at wavelengths from 350 nm to 12 µm.

Bristol Instruments 671 Series Laser Wavelength Meter

 

CW lasers, 375 nm – 12 μm

The best way to determine the absolute wavelength of CW lasers is with the 671 Series Laser Wavelength Meter. This system provides real-time laser wavelength information measured to an accuracy as high as ± 0.2 parts per million. This accuracy is guaranteed by continuous calibration with a built-in wavelength standard which ensures the reliable accuracy that is needed to generate the most meaningful experimental results.

Bristol Instruments 871 Series Pulsed Laser Wavelength Meter

The fastest and most reliable method to measure the wavelength of pulsed and CW lasers.

Bristol Instruments’ wavelength meters are for scientists and engineers who need to know the exact wavelength of their lasers. These systems use proven interferometer-based technology to measure absolute wavelength to an accuracy as high as ± 0.0001 nm. To achieve the reliable accuracy that is expected from Bristol Instruments, all of its wavelength meters include a built-in wavelength standard for continuous calibration. Systems are available for CW and pulsed lasers that operate at wavelengths from 350 nm to 12 µm.

Bristol Instruments 871 Series Pulsed Laser Wavelength Meter

 

Pulsed and CW lasers, 350 – 1700 nm, 1 kHz measurement rate

The 871 Series Pulsed Laser Wavelength Meter provides accurate wavelength information for researchers who need to know the exact wavelength of their CW or pulsed lasers. A unique Fizeau interferometer-based design measures absolute wavelength to an accuracy of ± 1 part per million. This design also enables a sustained measurement rate as high as 1 kHz, the fastest available.

Bristol Instruments 428 Series Multi-Wavelength Meter

Test your WDM signals with the confidence that results from reliable accuracy.

Bristol Instruments provides a family of optical wavelength meters and multi-wavelength meters designed specifically for the testing of WDM lasers and WDM systems. Absolute laser wavelength is measured to an accuracy as high as ± 0.3 pm. This performance is guaranteed by continuous calibration with a built-in wavelength standard and is traceable to NIST standards. Straightforward operation and rugged design satisfy the needs of both the R&D scientist and the manufacturing engineer.

Bristol Instruments 428 Series Multi-Wavelength Meter
Multi-wavelength, CW and modulated signals

 

In order to fully characterize WDM components and transmission systems, the 428 Series Multi-Wavelength Meter simultaneously measures wavelength, power, and OSNR of up to 1000 discrete optical signals. Wavelength is measured to an accuracy as high as ± 0.3 pm, power is measured to an accuracy of ± 0.5 dB, and OSNR is calculated to greater than 40 dB. In addition, optical spectrum analyzer software is included to generate and display a high-resolution spectrum of the optical signal under test.

Immersion Oil for Microscope

Immersion oils are transparent oils that have specific optical and viscosity characteristics necessary for use in microscopy

Immersion Oil for Microscopy

Immersion oil is used to increase the resolution of a microscope by immersing both the objective lens and the specimen in a transparent oil of high refractive index

Nikon manufactures two types of Immersion Oil for microscopy these being Type A and Type NF. These oils are tested using Nikon objectives and therefore the performance cannot be guaranteed against lenses manufactured by other companies. The refractive indices of other manufactured oils may differ which will impair the results gained from using these with Nikon objectives. It is also important to note that oils should not be mixed as this will impair the performance.

Type A

is general purpose oil used for imaging applications requiring oil immersion, which can incorporate techniques such as brightfield, darkfield, phase and fluorescence. It is available in three sizes of 8ml, 50ml and 500ml, all supplied with a pipette for dispensing.

Type NF

is considered to be the superior grade specifically designed for the ever growing need to improve signal to noise ratios in fluorescence microscopy, particularly in low-light applications or those between 340-380nm, typically associated with calcium or deep UV imaging. The improved quality is due to the type of raw materials used in the oil which relates to a subsequent reduction of auto fluorescence caused by minerals in the oil. There is one size available at 50ml, which is supplied with a plastic pipette for dispensing. It is slightly more viscous and has a slight odour.

Fluorescent Filter Cubes for Epi-Fluorescence Microscope

A cube containing the filters and mirror used in epi-fluorescence microscopy to separate fluorescence excitation and emission light

Fluorescent Filter Cubes for Epi-Fluorescence Microscopy

The function of a filter block is to separate fluorescence light returning from the specimen from the light used to excite the specimen so that the fluorescence light can be observed on a dark back ground. The filter block contains an excitation filter, dichroic beamsplitter (mirror) and a barrier / emission filter:

The excitation filter, usually a bandpass filter, allows only wavelengths of light necessary for excitation to pass through to the specimen.

The emission / barrier filter separates fluorescence emanating from the specimen from other background light.

The dichroic mirror separates excitation light from fluorescence by reflecting light of one range of wavelengths and transmitting only light of another range of wavelengths.

The excitation filter, barrier filter and dichroic mirror need to be matched to the excitation and emission characteristics of the fluorescent probe to ensure a high signal to noise ratio between the fluorescence and background light. The ideal combination of barrier filters and excitation filters is one that lets no light pass when combined. However, most filter combinations are not 100% efficient in preventing stray light from reaching the eyes / detector(s). Nikon’s proprietary ‘Noise Terminator’ technology reduces stray light from filter blocks to improve signal-to-noise ratios.

APPLICATIONS

Filter blocks are used in all epi-fluorescence imaging applications. The choice of a specific filter block will depend on the fluorescent probe(s) being used in the imaging application. For a quick and simple-to-use Nikon filter block selector matched to specific fluorescent probes visit:

Introduction to fluorescence microscopy: [microscopyu]

MICROSCOPE CONFIGURATION:

The filter block is housed in a filter cube holder that can be rotated or moved sideways to select the appropriate filter set for imaging. Different microscopes accommodate varying numbers of filter blocks.

Camera Mounts (C-mounts for Microscope and Camera)

The connection between your microscope and camera

Camera Mounts

There are literally hundreds of potential combinations with many different camera and microscope types. The most fundamental information you will need when deciding which c-mount adapter you need are as follows:

What make and model is your microscope?

This information is important as there will be different focal positions (point at which image data will be collected on the cameras chip) for different manufacturers microscopes. Modern microscopes will tend to have the model type on the microscope body, sometimes near the serial number. As an alternative the microscope manufacturer should be able to identify the microscope by its description or by a photograph.

What make and model is the camera you are trying to attach?

This is an important piece of information as it usually determines the type of thread or fitting the c-mount adapter should have.

What port will you be using?

It is not always possible to connect a camera via a dedicated camera port (sometimes referred to as trinocular tube or beamsplitter). It is important that you identify which port will be used to accept the c-mount.

Is a magnification necessary?

The camera chip (CCD) will be of a certain dimension and will require the appropriate magnification within the c-mount adapter which is sometimes referred to as a relay lens. A good rule of thumb is that whichever size the CCD is as a decimal is what it requires in magnification to fill the viewfield. For example a 2/3” CCD (0.67”) requires a 0.7x c-mount. The CCD size should always be made available by the manufacturer.

It is always remembering that a lower magnification will give a wider field of view and generally brighter images for shorter exposures.

Microscope Bulbs – Tungsten, Halogen, Mercury, Xenon , Metal Halide

Find which bulb is appropriate for your microscope system and illumination type.

Microscope Bulbs – Tungsten, Halogen, Mercury, Xenon , Metal Halide

Nikon microscope systems utilize a variety of different bulb types depending on the microscope model and illumination type you require. The filaments and conductivity of the bulbs are specifically designed for microscopy use. This not only provides a greater evenesss of illumination but also prolongs the life of the bulb. For these reasons Nikon does not recommend non-specific bulbs.

To help you determine the bulb you need for your system, please visit Nikon’s bulb selector.

Microscope Epi-Module

Epi-module for NIKON Microscope
Microscope Epi-module for flexible input of lasers or illumination, or output of signals or images.

Areas: General Microscopy, imaging and laser-induced applications such as ultra-fast micro-transient absorption, fluorescence lifetime measurement, etc